Flonase

By U. Shawn. Ohio Northern University. 2017.

However cheap 50 mcg flonase visa, recent evidence indicates that under cer- retrograde as well as a forward direction. Indeed, such retrograde tain conditions there may be limited mitotic activity of neurons in transport may be responsible for the movement of herpes virus, rabies isolated areas of the midbrain through adulthood. For the most part, virus, and tetanus toxin from nerve terminals into cell bodies. However, neurons continue to grow and specialize after a per- son is born, particularly in the first several years of postnatal life. Neuroglia Neuroglia, or glial cells, are supportive cells in the nervous Unlike other organs that are packaged in connective tissue de- system that aid the function of neurons. Neuroglia are about 5 rived from mesoderm, all but one type of the supporting neu- times as abundant as neurons and have limited mitotic abilities. The cell body is the enlarged portion of the neuron that more closely resembles other cells. It contains a nucleus with a prominent nucleolus and the bulk of the cytoplasm. Chromatophilic substances Schwann cell: from Theodor Schwann, German histologist, 1810–82 oligodendrocyte: Gk. Nervous Tissue and the © The McGraw−Hill Anatomy, Sixth Edition Coordination Central Nervous System Companies, 2001 Chapter 11 Nervous Tissue and the Central Nervous System 349 Dendrites Chromatophilic substance Cell body Nucleolus Nucleus Neurofibrils Axon Cell body Axon Nucleus Nucleus of Nucleolus Myelin neurolemmocyte Myelin Nucleus of Collateral neurolemmocyte branch Chromatophilic substance Neurofibril nodes Neurofibril nodes Marshburn Axon Dendrites terminals (a) (b) FIGURE 11. Nervous Tissue and the © The McGraw−Hill Anatomy, Sixth Edition Coordination Central Nervous System Companies, 2001 350 Unit 5 Integration and Coordination Dendrites Cell body Axon FIGURE 11. Oligodendrocyte Microglial cell Ependymal cell Neuron Capillary Astrocyte Moon FIGURE 11. Nervous Tissue and the © The McGraw−Hill Anatomy, Sixth Edition Coordination Central Nervous System Companies, 2001 Chapter 11 Nervous Tissue and the Central Nervous System 351 TABLE 11. The neurolemmocytes of the regenera- Myelination tion tube are believed to secrete chemicals that attract the Neurons are either myelinated or unmyelinated.

Oral med- angle glaucoma is much less common ications for the treatment of glaucoma than chronic open-angle glaucoma buy flonase 50mcg fast delivery, it is work by decreasing the production of a medical emergency and must be treat- aqueous humor. For example, arteriosclerot- medical supervision, not only to monitor ic retinopathy is due to changes that occur the condition itself but also to identify any in blood vessels in the retina because of side effects of the medication. Hypertensive retinopathy is When intraocular pressure cannot be due to changes that occur in blood vessels successfully controlled with medication, in the retina because of high blood pres- individuals with chronic open-angle glau- sure. In both instances, treatment of the coma may have a surgical procedure primary underlying condition can control called trabeculectomy that relieves pressure the progress of retinopathy. Individuals may also need and the most common cause of blindness, to continue using eye drops or oral med- is diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy ication after surgery to control pressure; is the result of damage to the retina and is however, in some instances surgery may a complication of diabetes mellitus (see eliminate the need for medication. Treatment of Acute Closed-Angle Glaucoma Consequently, regular comprehensive eye examinations by a physician are impor- Acute closed-angle glaucoma results tant in helping to prevent visual loss. Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy miotics constrict the pupil, thus enlarging 2. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy the drainage passageway and facilitating the outflow of aqueous humor. Because of Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy is the emergency nature of acute closed- caused by changes in blood vessel walls angle glaucoma, oral or intravenous med- that allow fluids to leak into retinal tissue. As a rior chamber of the eye, thus preventing result, retinal tissues receive too little oxy- further eye damage by relieving built-up gen (ischemia) and growth of new vessels pressure. At times iridotomy abnormally fragile and prone to bleed, may also be performed prophylactically in causing hemorrhage into the vitreous the unaffected eye after an acute attack. Vessels Retinopathy may burst, filling the back of the eye with blood and resulting in significant visual Any disease or disorder of the retina is loss. Retinopathies are often named ated with new vessels can pull on the reti- 132 CHAPTER 4 CONDITIONS OF THE EYE AND BLINDNESS na so that it detaches from underlying tis- scleral buckling is sometimes used to treat sue.

As mentioned earlier buy 50 mcg flonase fast delivery, GH deficiency in childhood causes 14-year-old boy a decrease in the rate of body growth. Individuals with this condition may be deficient in GH only, or they may have multiple anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies. GH defi- 10 ciency can be caused by a defect in the mechanisms that con- trol GH secretion or the production of GH by soma- totrophs. In some individuals, the target cells for GH fail to 5 respond normally to the hormone because of several differ- ent mutations in the GH receptor. When excessive GH secretion occurs in an adult, further linear growth does not occur because the growth plates of the long 25-year-old man bones have calcified. Instead, it causes the bones of the face, 15 hands, and feet to become thicker and certain organs, such as the liver, to undergo hypertrophy. This condition, known as acromegaly, can also be caused by the chronic administration 10 of excessive amounts of GH to adults. Although the main physiological action of GH is on body growth, it also has important effects on certain as- 5 pects of fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Its main action on fat metabolism is to stimulate the mobilization of triglycerides from the fat depots of the body. This process, known as lipolysis, involves the hydrolysis of triglycerides 8 AM Noon 4 PM 8 AM Mid- 4 AM 8 AM to fatty acids and glycerol by the enzyme hormone-sensi- night tive lipase. The fatty acids and glycerol are released from Pulsatile GH secretion in an adolescent boy adipocytes and enter the bloodstream. In the adult, GH levels are re- lipolysis is not understood, but most evidence suggests that duced as a result of smaller pulse width and amplitude rather than it causes adipocytes to be more responsive to other lipoly- a decrease in the number of pulses. CHAPTER 32 The Hypothalamus and the Pituitary Gland 593 CLINICAL FOCUS BOX 32.